INTRODUCING ONESELF IN FORMAL OR SOCIAL CONTEXTS

Listen to the following dialogues in which people greet one another, take leave and introduce themselves and others. Note the language used to perform these functions.

Formal

(It is Rafiq's first day at work. He introduces himself to Janet, the head of his department.)
Rafiq : Good morning, ma'am. I am Rafiq Ahmad. I joined today and was asked to report to you.
Janet : Good morning, Rafiq. I am pleased to meet you. Welcome to Magna Publications. It will be nice having you in the department.
Rafiq : Thank you. I look forward to working here.

(It is a meeting that Anand is attending. He meets the Chairman of company that he has recently joined.)
Chairman : I am pleased to meet you. I understand you have joined recently.
Anand : I am pleased to meet you too. Yes, I am Anand, and I have joined the information technology cell.
Chairman : I hope you have been having a pleasant introduction to our nature of work.

Anand : Yes, I have been enjoying it. Thank you.

(Janet introduces Rafiq, a new employee, to Aruna, another employee in the company.)
Janet : Aruna, I'd like to introduce Mr Rafiq Ahmad to you. He's our new production assistant. Rafiq, this is Ms Aruna Jain, one of our editors.
Aruna : Hello, Rafiq. Glad to meet you.
Rafiq : Nice to meet you too, Ms Jain.
Aruna : You can call me Aruna. We use first names here.

Social

(Vishal is at a wedding reception. He introduces himself to Jacob, his sister's classmate.)
Vishal : Hello. I am Vishal, Smita's brother.
Jacob : Hi, Vishal! Nice to meet you.
Vishal : Nice to meeting you too.

(Gita meets her neighbour Girish at a restaurant. She introduces him to her cousin Deepti, who is with her.)
Gita : Hi, Girish. What a pleasant surprise!
Girish : Hi. I am meeting my friends here. It's Tony's birthday.
Gita : Girish, I don't think you've met my cousin Deepti. She's come from Kolkata on a short visit. Deepti, this is Girish, our neighbour. He is studying economics at Nagpur University.
Deepti : That's nice. Pleased to meet you, Girish.
Girish : Nice to meet you too.

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CONSONANTS

Consonants are produced when there is either a closure or narrowing of the air passage in the oral cavity. For example, /t/ is pronounced with the front of the tongue pushing against the palate. The 24 consonants in English are listed below: Consonants are further classified in terms of how the sounds are made: Plosives: Plosive sounds are produced when the vocal tract is blocked, building up air pressure, and then the air stream is abruptly released. Fricatives: In the production of fricatives, airstream is directed through a narrow construction in the vocal tract. Nasals: In the production of nasal sounds, air flows through the nasal cavity. Affricates: Affricates begin as stops and conclude as fricatives. Consonant Clusters : Consonant clusters are groups of two or more consonants sounds that come before, after or between vowel sounds. Look at a few examples below:

ROOT FORMS OF WORDS

The process of making new words from a base or root from (or the most basic form of a word, without anything attached to it, which you will find in a dictionary) is known as word formation, and understanding how this works will help us build our vocabulary by deriving many new words according to our needs. Many words that we use come from a root word. If we disconnect prefixes and suffixes, the root can be identified. A little digging will uncover just what the root word really means. For example, in a word such as 'bicycle', the root what is 'cycle'. Since English is a derivational language, it has borrowed many words from other languages especially from Greek and Latin roots. (A 'root' is a form of a word from which other words are derived using affixes.) For example, pater (or patr) is a Latin word which means 'father'. It serves as root for English words such as 'patriarch', 'patrimony', 'patron', etc. DETERMINING A R

INTERPERSONAL SKILLS

In our day to day life, we have to communicate with one another for our needs. lnterpersonal skills are the most necessary skills in life as we cannot interact or communicate with other people in groups or individually without them. It is found that most organisations and individuals who achieved success have used these interpersonal skills better than others. These skills are not only useful at workplaces but also in one's personal and social lives where you could reap good results in comparison with others who never use interpersonal skills at the right time at the right place. People who have good interpersonal skills are mostly perceived as optimistic, claim, confident, charismatic, dynamic and possessing good leadership qualities. The following are the the characteristics of interpersonal skills: fluent verbal communication good nonverbal communication positive thinking negotiation ability listening ability problem solving skills stress management

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