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Affixes are part words that are added to ful words and that modify their meaning or grammatical function. There are two types of affixes: prefixs and suffixes. Prefixes are added before the base word and suffixes are added after a base word. Sometimes the spelling of the word may change in the process of adding a suffix/prefix. Sometimes, the part of speech of the word will also change. Some words may take both prefixes and suffixes. Look at the following examples: PREFIXES Prefixes are groups of letters added to the beginning of words to get new words. This kind of word formation leads to changes in the meaning and changes in part of speech and is also used to indicate number. It is important to know the meaning a prefix imparts before using it to form new words. LATIN AFFIXES Affixes used in the English language have been delivered from many languages. While many of them belong to English, many more have been borrowed from Latin. The following table gives you an overview

Pronouns are words such as he, her, your, it and this used in place of nouns or noun phrases. They are of the following types. Personal pronouns stand for the speaker (first person), the person spoken to (second person), and the person, animal, place or thing that is neither the speaker not the spoken to (third person). In English, the personal pronouns used as subjects in sentences are I, we, you, he, she, they and it . The corresponding personal pronouns used as objects are me, us, you, him, her, them and it . Possessive pronouns are used in place of nouns with an apostrophe and -s, such as Suma's, to indicate the meaning of belonging or possession. They are mine, ours, yours, his, her and theirs . Examples are This is not Shireen's file. The bag is not Smita's; hers is larger. Reflexive pronouns are used when the subject and the object of a verb (or preposition) both refer to the same person, animal, place or thing, for example, myself, ourselves, yourself,

A vowel that retains the same quality during the period of it's intonation is a monophthong, unlink a diphthong which has a vowel glide, or a movement of pronunciation from one vowel to another. In a monophthong, there is just one vowel sound, and no movement from one sound to another. For example, 'bed', 'desk', sell, etc. There are 20 vowel sounds in the English language. Of them 12 are monophthongs or single vowel sounds. 

Motivation is the process that initiates, controls and sustains goal oriented behaviours. Motivation is what makes us act, whether it is learning how to play football for pleasure or reading a book to gain knowledge. Motivation is often used to describe why a person does something. For example you may be so motivated that you struggle hard to get into the course that you always wanted to study. Motivation is of two types: external and internal. External motivation is a reward or a social achievement or something that encourages us to do our best, for example, the gold medal at the end of the course or the trophy in a reality show. Most people get externally motivated to do the best that they can. Internal motivation is our own happiness or satisfaction in doing a job well, which may not earn us a medal or a trophy. Very few people are internally motivated even through this is the better form of motivation. When the reward is removed, the external motivation vanishes. Since there

Beginning something in right earnest is really the best start to any piece of work/ assignment/ project, etc. One should believe that anything worth doing is worth doing well. You should know what exactly you want and plan carefully. The very thought of beginning something means that the work is already half done and the rest gets completed without a problem. A person's dedication and sincerity about work goes a long way in allowing completion of the work. If this is not a given, there will be different points at which the person will stop working with various excuses and reasons for not continuing. This is, therefore, crucial. Thought a long-known proverb, this is a truth that needs to sink into our minds, so that we do not get carried away by trivial problems and hurdles. WELL BEGUN IS HALF DONE:- To begin or to take off is very important in doing something; one should begin the task and it becomes easier to do the rest of it. In today's world of cut-throat competiti

'Guided writing' refers to the expansion of a set of points or short sentences to form a short passage or an essay. There are five essential stages in the process of expansion: examination, exposition, elaboration, conclusion and copying out. 'Examination' refers to studying the given points or ideas. Through 'exposition' and 'elaboration', a systematic interpretation or explanation is written based on the points or ideas, and providing extra material and examples, and clarifying details. The passage also needs a logical conclusion that rounds off the discussion. HOW TO WRITE AN ESSAY An essay must have unity of theme, which means that you should have your aim clearly set down before you start writing. You can give emphasis to the main idea in the essay by placing it in a prominent position ( for example, the beginning or end), either by giving more space to it or by directly starting it. The beginning introduces the subject of the essay, the